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Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 50(1): 23-34, mar. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-627278

ABSTRACT

It is estimated that there are presently over one thousand million people worldwide living with some kind of disability. In Chile, there are very few studies on this topic without conceptual uniformity. Since 2004, the prevalence is estimated in 12,9 percent (1). Objectives: Study a sample population taken from the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, Chile, of individuals over 18 years of age who have some kind of motor disability, and observe the relationship with quality of life according to different indicators: time with their disability, mental health and sociodemographic factors. Methodology: This study is a descriptive, transverse correlation. The questionnaires used were the SF- 36 questionnaire for Quality of Life, the Barthel Index for motor disability and the GHQ12 Goldbergfor mental illness. Results: No significant results were found between individuals with an altered mental health (Goldberg ≥ 5) and individuals with some level of dependence on the Barthel Index Scale (Fisher Test = 0.34). There is a 10-point difference in the physical component of the SF-36 questionnaire between individuals with mental health alteration and those without: however, this value is not statistically significant (p = 0.06). Quality of life is lower with regard to the physical component of the SF- 36 as educational level rises: these results are statistically significant. Conclusion: There is no statistical significance between quality of life and mental health alterations in disabled people. We cannot establish a relationship between altered mental health and motor disability. This study shows us the tremendous scope for research on different types of disabilities and their correlation with mental health that still remains. There are still very few studies about the latter and the time individuals have been with this condition, the differences that exist between rehabilitation centers or the differences in mental health and quality of life observed...


Las cifras mundiales de discapacidad estiman más de un millón de afectados. En Chile existen escasos estudios respecto al tema, sin uniformidad de conceptos y desde el 2004 se considera que la prevalencia es de 12,9 por ciento (4). Objetivos: Estudiar a individuos con discapacidad motora mayores de 18 años de la región Metropolitana y observar la relación entre su calidad de vida con el tiempo de discapacidad, salud mental y factores socio-demográficos. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo correlacional de corte trasversal. Se utilizaron las encuestas SF 36 para la calidad de vida, el índice de Barthel para discapacidad y la escala GHQ12 de Goldberg para la salud mental. Resultados: No se encontró una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre individuos con salud metal alterada (Goldberg ≥ 5) e individuos con algún nivel de dependencia en la escala de Barthel (Fisher = 0,34). Existe una diferencia de 10 puntos en relación al componente físico del SF-36, entre individuos con y sin alteración de la salud mental, sin embargo, esta cifra no es significativa (p = 0,06). A mayor nivel educacional, existe una menor calidad de vida según el componente físico del SF-36, con significancia estadística. Conclusiones: No se encontró diferencias significativas en relación a la salud mental y la calidad de vida de los pacientes discapacitados. No podemos inferir la relación entre salud mental alterada y discapacidad motora. Este trabajo nos muestra la necesidad de ampliar la investigación sobre la salud mental en relación a: Diversos tipos de discapacidad, tiempo de evolución de esta condición, diferencia que existe entre los distintos centros y variación entre las personas con discapacidad física que asisten o no a un centro de rehabilitación.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Mental Health , Motor Activity , Disabled Persons/psychology , Quality of Life , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disability Evaluation , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Health Status , Interviews as Topic , Personal Autonomy , Socioeconomic Factors
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